Jyotiba Phule Short Note or Essay in English
Jyotirao Govindrao Phule was a luminary figure of the
social reform movement in 19th century in Maharashtra. Jyotiba was born in
Satara district on 11 April 1827 AD at the home of a vegetable seller named
Govindrao. His family belonged to the Mali caste which was considered the lower
caste and untouchables in the then Hindu social structure. Jyotiba’s family
earned the name of Phule for their work as florists.
Jyotirao got admission to the Scottish Mission’s
school in Poona (now Pune) in 1841. Thomas Paine’s book ‘Rights of Man’ gave
him immense inspiration for social reforms in Indian society. Jyotirao was very
disappointed with the discrimination and exploitation of his fellow countrymen
on the basis of caste and gender. He firmly believed that illiteracy was the
root cause of all evils in society. He along with his wife Savitribai Phule
opened a school for girls in 1848 AD to uplift the women in the society. He
opened many schools in other parts of Maharashtra to ensure education for women
and weaker sections of society. He also founded an orphanage in 1854. Being a
social reformer, Jyotiba denounced the caste system, illiteracy, women's
oppression and other evils in the society. He tried to spread awareness among
people against these evils. After lifelong services to society, he passed away
on November 28, 1890 AD.
Some More Important Points
No:1. It was Jyotiba Phule who prepared a solid
foundation for the movement of upliftment of depressed and weaker sections of
society. He initiated the movement against the Upper caste oppression.
No:2. Jyotiba Phule launched the Satya Shodhak Samaj,
a powerful non-Brahmin Lower caste movement in 1873 AD.
No:3. The title of Satya Shodhak Samaj carries the
meaning of ‘Society of seekers of Truth’. It was aimed at securing social
justice, equality and the right to graceful life for the depressed sections of
the society.
No:4. Jyotiba Phule wrote a famous book on social
Justice named ‘Gulamgiri’. In this treatise he criticized the exploitation of
the lower castes and its repercussions on society.
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